Table 1 Participant clinical characteristics of patients with PCOS and controls

Age (year)

26.0 ± 3.1

27.0 ± 2.9

25.8 ± 3.1

0.365

BMI (kg/m²)

23.7 ± 3.8

21.4 ± 2.8

24.2 ± 3.8

0.048

FPG (mmol/L)

5.1 ± 0.6

4.5 ± 0.4

5.2 ± 0.5

0.002

FINS (mIU/mL)

13.9 (9.5, 25)

7.3 (6.9, 11.6)

16.2 (9.8, 25.8)

0.016

HOMA-IR

3.1 (2.1, 5.5)

1.7 (1.3, 2.2)

3.9 (2.4, 6.3)

0.004

CHO (mmol/L)

4.0 ± 0.7

3.6 ± 0.7

4.1 ± 0.7

0.212

TG (mmol/L)

1.1 (0.8, 1.9)

0.9 (0.8, 0.9)

1.3 (0.9, 2)

0.109

HDL (mmol/L)

1.3 (1.1, 1.5)

1.4 (1.2, 1.5)

1.3 (1.1, 1.4)

0.285

LDL (mmol/L)

2.6 ± 0.7

2.2 ± 0.5

2.7 ± 0.7

0.056

Pregnancy loss, n (%)

0.043

Live birth (%)

27 (67.5)

7 (100)

20 (60.6)

Pregnancy loss (%)

13 (32.5)

0 (0)

13 (39.4)